Policy on Retraction, Corrections, and Removal of Articles

  1. General Principles

The journal is committed to preserving the integrity of the scientific record and acts in accordance with the guidelines of the Committee on Publication Ethics (COPE) in cases where corrections, retractions, or removals of published articles are required.

  1. Corrections

Corrections are issued when a published article contains minor errors that do not affect the core results and conclusions (e.g., typographical errors, table labels, etc.).

A correction may be proposed by the author, editor, or reader. It is published as a separate document in a subsequent issue of the journal, with a link to the original article. The correction must clearly state the nature of the error and who initiated it (author, editor, or third party).

  1. Retraction of Articles (Retractions)

An article is retracted when it is proven that the results are unreliable due to serious errors (e.g., incorrect analysis, data falsification, plagiarism), when the work has been published more than once, or when significant ethical violations are identified.

Retractions may be initiated by:

  • the author (voluntarily),
  • the editor (following verification), or
  • the relevant institution.

The retracted article remains available in the online version but is clearly marked as retracted. An official retraction notice is published, stating the reason, who initiated the retraction, and the date.

  1. Removal of Articles (Removals)

Article removal is applied only in exceptional cases, when the published work contains unlawful content, copyright infringements, defamation, or information that may cause serious harm.

The article is removed from the journal’s website, and a notice is left in its place indicating that the article has been removed and explaining the reason.

  1. Notification and Transparency

All decisions regarding corrections, retractions, or removals are documented and publicly disclosed. Authors are informed prior to the publication of any correction or retraction. In all cases, it is specified who initiated the action, along with the corresponding date.